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US Amateur Radio - Amateur Extra (Element 4, 2020-2024) Practice Test

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1. - E0A01

What is the primary function of an external earth connection or ground rod?

SelectAnswer
AReduce RFI to telephones and home entertainment systems
BLightning protection
CReduce RF current flow between pieces of equipment
DReduce received noise

2. - E1A11

Which of the following describes authorization or licensing required when operating an amateur station aboard a U.S.-registered vessel in international waters?

SelectAnswer
AAny amateur license with an FCC Marine or Aircraft endorsement
BAny FCC-issued amateur license
CAn unrestricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit
DOnly General Class or higher amateur licenses

3. - E1B04

What must be done before placing an amateur station within an officially designated wilderness area or wildlife preserve, or an area listed in the National Register of Historic Places?

SelectAnswer
AA form FSD-15 must be submitted to the Department of the Interior
BA letter of intent must be filed with the Environmental Protection Agency
CA proposal must be submitted to the National Park Service
DAn Environmental Assessment must be submitted to the FCC

4. - E1C03

How do the control operator responsibilities of a station under automatic control differ from one under local control?

SelectAnswer
AUnder local control there is no control operator
BUnder automatic control the control operator is not required to be present at the control point
CUnder automatic control there is no control operator
DUnder local control a control operator is not required to be present at a control point

5. - E1D11

Which amateur stations are eligible to operate as Earth stations?

SelectAnswer
AAny amateur station whose licensee has filed a pre-space notification with the FCC's International Bureau
BOnly those of Amateur Extra Class operators
CAny amateur station, subject to the privileges of the class of operator license held by the control operator
DOnly those of General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class operators

6. - E1E04

Which of the following best describes the Volunteer Examiner accreditation process?

SelectAnswer
AEach General, Advanced and Amateur Extra Class operator is automatically accredited as a VE when the license is granted
BThe procedure by which a VEC confirms that the VE applicant meets FCC requirements to serve as an examiner
CThe amateur operator applying must pass a VE examination administered by the FCC Enforcement Bureau
DThe prospective VE obtains accreditation from the FCC

7. - E1F07

When may an amateur station send a message to a business?

SelectAnswer
AWhen transmitting international third-party communications
BWhen neither the amateur nor his or her employer has a pecuniary interest in the communications
CWhen the control operator is employed by the FCC or another government agency
DWhen the total money involved does not exceed $25

8. - E2A04

What is meant by the term mode? as applied to an amateur radio satellite?

SelectAnswer
AWhether the satellite is in a low earth or geostationary orbit
BThe satellite's uplink and downlink frequency bands
CWhether the satellite is in a polar or equatorial orbit
DThe satellite's orientation with respect to the Earth

9. - E2B07

What is the name of the signal component that carries color information in NTSC video?

SelectAnswer
AChroma
BHue
CSpectral intensity
DLuminance

10. - E2C01

What indicator is required to be used by U.S.-licensed operators when operating a station via remote control and the remote transmitter is located in the U.S.?

SelectAnswer
ANo additional indicator is required
B/ followed by the USPS two-letter abbreviation for the state in which the remote station is located
C/ followed by the ARRL Section of the remote station
D/R# where # is the district of the remote station

11. - E2D06

Which of the following describes a method of establishing EME contacts?

SelectAnswer
AStoring and forwarding digital messages
BJudging optimum transmission times by monitoring beacons reflected from the moon
CTime synchronous transmissions alternately from each station
DHigh-speed CW identification to avoid fading

12. - E2E01

Which of the following types of modulation is common for data emissions below 30 MHz?

SelectAnswer
AFSK
BSpread spectrum
CDTMF tones modulating an FM signal
DPulse modulation

13. - E3A06

What might help to restore contact when DX signals become too weak to copy across an entire HF band a few hours after sunset?

SelectAnswer
ASwitch to a higher frequency HF band
BWait 90 minutes or so for the signal degradation to pass
CSwitch to a lower frequency HF band
DWait 24 hours before attempting another communication on the band

14. - E3B06

Which of the following amateur bands most frequently provides long-path propagation?

SelectAnswer
A80 meters
B20 meters
C6 meters
D10 meters

15. - E3C11

What does VOACAP software model?

SelectAnswer
AAC current and impedance
BAC voltage and impedance
CHF propagation
DVHF radio propagation

16. - E4A10

Which of the following displays multiple digital signal states simultaneously?

SelectAnswer
ABit error rate tester
BModulation monitor
CNetwork analyzer
DLogic analyzer

17. - E4B09

What is indicated if the current reading on an RF ammeter placed in series with the antenna feed line of a transmitter increases as the transmitter is tuned to resonance?

SelectAnswer
AThere is possibly a short to ground in the feed line
BThere is an impedance mismatch between the antenna and feed line
CThere is more power going into the antenna
DThe transmitter is not properly neutralized

18. - E4C02

Which of the following receiver circuits can be effective in eliminating interference from strong out-of-band signals?

SelectAnswer
AA front-end filter or pre-selector
BA narrow IF filter
CA properly adjusted product detector
DA notch filter

19. - E4D01

What is meant by the blocking dynamic range of a receiver?

SelectAnswer
AThe minimum difference in dB between two signals which produce third-order intermodulation products greater than the noise floor
BThe minimum difference in dB between the levels of two FM signals that will cause one signal to block the other
CThe difference in dB between the noise floor and the level of an incoming signal that will cause 1 dB of gain compression
DThe difference in dB between the noise floor and the third-order intercept point

20. - E4E02

Which of the following types of noise can often be reduced with a digital signal processing noise filter?

SelectAnswer
AIgnition noise
BBroadband white noise
CPower line noise
DAll these choices are correct

21. - E5A07

What is the magnitude of the current at the input of a parallel RLC circuit at resonance?

SelectAnswer
AMaximum
BL/R
CR/L
DMinimum

22. - E5B04

What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors, all in parallel?

SelectAnswer
A110 seconds
B220 seconds
C440 seconds
D55 seconds

23. - E5C07

Where is the impedance of a pure resistance plotted on rectangular coordinates?

SelectAnswer
AOn the vertical axis
BOn the horizontal axis
COn a line through the origin, slanted at 45 degrees
DOn a horizontal line, offset vertically above the horizontal axis

24. - E5D10

How can the true power be determined in an AC circuit where the voltage and current are out of phase?

SelectAnswer
ABy multiplying the apparent power by the power factor
BBy dividing the apparent power by the power factor
CBy dividing the reactive power by the power factor
DBy multiplying the reactive power by the power factor

25. - E6A06

What is the beta of a bipolar junction transistor?

SelectAnswer
AThe switching speed
BThe frequency at which the current gain is reduced to 0.707
CThe breakdown voltage of the base to collector junction
DThe change in collector current with respect to base current

26. - E6B03

What type of bias is required for an LED to emit light?

SelectAnswer
AReverse bias
BZero bias
CForward bias
DInductive bias

27. - E6C05

What is an advantage of CMOS logic devices over TTL devices?

SelectAnswer
AImmune to damage from static discharge
BLower power consumption
CDifferential output capability
DLower distortion

28. - E6D04

Which materials are commonly used as a core in an inductor?

SelectAnswer
ACobalt and aluminum
BTeflon and Delrin
CFerrite and brass
DPolystyrene and polyethylene

29. - E6E08

How is power supplied to the most common type of MMIC?

SelectAnswer
ADirectly to the bias voltage (VCC IN) lead
BThrough a capacitor and RF choke connected to the amplifier input lead
CMMICs require no operating bias
DThrough a resistor and/or RF choke connected to the amplifier output lead

30. - E6F09

What is the efficiency of a photovoltaic cell?

SelectAnswer
ACost per kilowatt-hour generated
BThe output RF power divided by the input DC power
CThe open-circuit voltage divided by the short-circuit current under full illumination
DThe relative fraction of light that is converted to current

31. - E7A09

What logical operation is performed by an exclusive NOR gate?

SelectAnswer
AIt produces logic 1 at its output only if all inputs are logic 1
BIt produces logic 0 at its output only if all inputs are logic 0
CIt produces logic 0 at its output if only one input is logic 1
DIt produces logic 1 at its output if only one input is logic 1

32. - E7B10

In Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of R1 and R2?

SelectAnswer
AFeedback
BVoltage divider bias
CLoad resistors
DSelf bias

33. - E7C11

Which of the following describes a receiving filter's ability to reject signals occupying an adjacent channel?

SelectAnswer
AShape factor
BPhase response
CPassband ripple
DNoise factor

34. - E7D07

What is the purpose of C2 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-2?

SelectAnswer
ATo self-resonate at the hum frequency
BIt is a brute force filter for the output
CTo provide fixed DC bias for Q1
DIt bypasses rectifier output ripple around D1

35. - E7E03

What is a frequency discriminator stage in a FM receiver?

SelectAnswer
AA circuit for detecting FM signals
BA circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signals
CAn FM generator circuit
DAn automatic band-switching circuit

36. - E7F05

How frequently must an analog signal be sampled by an analog-to-digital converter so that the signal can be accurately reproduced?

SelectAnswer
AAt least twice the rate of the highest frequency component of the signal
BAt the same rate as the highest frequency component of the signal
CAt least half the rate of the highest frequency component of the signal
DAt four times the rate of the highest frequency component of the signal

37. - E7G04

What is meant by the "op-amp input offset voltage"?

SelectAnswer
AThe differential input voltage needed to bring the open loop output voltage to zero
BThe output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage
CThe difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required in the immediately following stage
DThe potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in an open loop condition

38. - E7H01

What are three oscillator circuits used in amateur radio equipment?

SelectAnswer
ATaft, Hartley and Pierce
BColpitts, Hartley and Pierce
CPierce, Fenner and Beane
DTaft, Pierce and negative feedback

39. - E8A11

Which of the following is a measure of the quality of an analog-to-digital converter?

SelectAnswer
APower factor
BTotal harmonic distortion
CReciprocal mixing
DPeak envelope power

40. - E8B01

What is the modulation index of an FM signal?

SelectAnswer
AThe ratio of frequency deviation to modulating signal frequency
BThe bandwidth of the transmitted signal divided by the modulating signal frequency
CThe type of modulation used by the transmitter
DThe ratio of modulating signal amplitude to frequency deviation

41. - E8C01

How is Forward Error Correction implemented?

SelectAnswer
ABy the receiving station repeating each block of three data characters
BBy transmitting a special algorithm to the receiving station along with the data characters
CBy transmitting extra data that may be used to detect and correct transmission errors
DBy varying the frequency shift of the transmitted signal according to a predefined algorithm

42. - E8D06

What is the advantage of including parity bits in ASCII characters?

SelectAnswer
AThe signal can overpower interfering signals
BSome types of errors can be detected
CFaster transmission rate
DForeign language characters can be sent

43. - E9A08

What is antenna bandwidth?

SelectAnswer
AThe angle formed between two imaginary lines drawn through the element ends
BThe frequency range over which an antenna satisfies a performance requirement
CThe angle between the half-power radiation points
DAntenna length divided by the number of elements

44. - E9B11

What is a disadvantage of decreasing the number of wire segments in an antenna model below 10 segments per half-wavelength?

SelectAnswer
AThe resulting design will favor radiation of harmonic energy
BThe computed feed point impedance may be incorrect
CGround conductivity will not be accurately modeled
DThe antenna will become mechanically unstable

45. - E9C04

What happens to the radiation pattern of an unterminated long wire antenna as the wire length is increased?

SelectAnswer
AThe lobes become more perpendicular to the wire
BThe front-to-back ratio decreases
CThe lobes align more in the direction of the wire
DThe vertical angle increases

46. - E9D08

What happens as the Q of an antenna increases?

SelectAnswer
ASWR bandwidth decreases
BMore common-mode current is present on the feed line
CGain is reduced
DSWR bandwidth increases

47. - E9E08

What is a use for a Wilkinson divider?

SelectAnswer
AIt is used to feed high-impedance antennas from a low-impedance source
BIt is used to divide power equally between two 50-ohm loads while maintaining 50-ohm input impedance
CIt is used to feed low-impedance loads from a high-impedance source
DIt divides the operating frequency of a transmitter signal so it can be used on a lower frequency band

48. - E9F08

Which of the following is a significant difference between foam dielectric coaxial cable and solid dielectric cable, assuming all other parameters are the same?

SelectAnswer
AFoam dielectric has lower loss per unit of length
BAll these choices are correct
CFoam dielectric has lower safe operating voltage limits
DFoam dielectric has higher velocity factor

49. - E9G08

What is the process of normalization with regard to a Smith chart?

SelectAnswer
AReassigning impedance values with regard to the prime center
BReassigning prime center with regard to the reactance axis
CReassigning resistance values with regard to the reactance axis
DReassigning reactance values with regard to the resistance axis

50. - E9H07

Why is RF attenuation used when direction-finding?

SelectAnswer
ATo increase receiver sensitivity
BTo narrow the receiver bandwidth
CTo prevent receiver overload which reduces pattern nulls
DTo compensate for isotropic directivity and the antenna effect of feed lines

Figure E7-1

Figure E7-2